Author's Notebook

A Day in the Life of Santa

 

Christmas is the season when everyone, or at least the young at heart and those magically inclined, wants the answer to the question. “Is there a Santa?” And for once, I know the answer. It all started when Susie, a local businesswoman who carries my book said, “Would you be the town’s Santa this year?” At first I was somewhat thrown back by the question. For yes, while I do have a white beard, and yes, I have white hair, and yes, I am somewhat horizontally challenged, the image that I was trying to display that morning while signing books was of Papa Hemingway. It was somewhat disconcerting to find that I overshot my mark and somehow entered the fourth stage of Santa life.

 

You see, I have passed through the great stages of life: (1) You believe in Santa, (2) You do not believe in Santa, (3) You are Santa, (4) and finally, You look like Santa. It’s the ‘You look like Santa’ stage that allows me to come to you now and reveal the answer to the question that all inquiring minds really want to know. I am going to report, as they say, from the front line.

 

Unfortunately for me, I was not alone in the store the morning Susie made the request, for at my elbow was my wife Marilyn. Before I could get to the “Gee, Susie, I would love to, but that is the day (fill in the blank with any important, and non postponable event),” Marilyn whispered, “You’d be so cute.” Now consider that after forty-five years of marriage, being cute to your life companion is no small thing. Gone are the days when she sees me as handsome or heroic, so cute is even better than OK. But, while I might in fact be available, I was not going to be easy. I gave Susie the all-purpose, postponement fallback line: “Let me check my calendar and get back to you.” It was sort of an “I’ll have my people, call your people” gambit.

 

Needless to say, given that “my people” thought I’d make a cute Santa, the gambit failed. The day finally arrived, and there I was in full regalia. The suit the town provided fit nicely and without padding. I was somewhat put off by the fact that the belt was a tiny bit short, a matter which Marilyn readily fixed. I really must do something about the horizontally challenged issue. Perhaps a New Year’s Resolution is in order.

 

Regardless, I was resplendent! You just have to love a man in uniform. The mirror returned a figure, if not handsome, surely cute. After a few practiced “HO HO HOs,” I was off to city hall (no, no reindeer, I took my car). There I was met by two small girls dressed in green tights and pointy hats, who were cold, but excited to perform the elfin duties that day. Thankfully, within minutes, our conveyance arrived, a small train pulled by a John Deere lawn tractor. Did I mention that we live in a small rural town?  

 

During the ride down mainstreet, the sidewalks were empty. I wondered whether anyone would be out to see Santa on such a day. As Santa’s Workshop came into view,  there they were, parents, grandparents, toddlers and tweens, lined up all the way around the square, smiling, and waving, warmed by heavy coats and mittens, and the Christmas spirit. A few Ho Ho Ho’s later, and we were set.

 

 

One by one, the elves presented every child to Santa Claus. Well, almost every child - some only peeked from behind Mom’s legs. But, most hopped onto my lap with eyes wide in anticipation and aspiration in their hearts. Clearly and boldly they stated their dreams and wishes: “I want a Hanna Montana Bean Bag Chair…” “I want a pony…” “I want a doll that pees…” “I want a combine…” “I want a robot…” One young boy patiently worked his way to the head of the line, only to run screaming for the door, as if chased by demons. He and his Dad returned to the back of the line to try again later. I saw him several times that morning, or at least the back of him as he headed for the door. Finally, success. He wants a Transformer mask, preferably Optimus Prime. A few times, I saw parents wince, as they heard their child’s requests. These are hard times for small town America. But, when all things fail, hope springs eternal.

 

Hour after hour they came, the large, the small, the young, and the not so young. The smallest was a five week old, her proud young mother standing by – dad, camera in hand, recording the event. A family legacy in the making, this was their first picture of many to be taken over the years with Santa. I suppose the oldest to sit on my lap were the two cheerleaders, each whispering to Santa their gift desires. The girls giggled as they posed for the picture. Perhaps they came in jest, or maybe to recapture memories of Christmas past. I shall refrain from revealing the desires of these two young women. Let me just summarize their lists in the immortal words of Jan Barrett, "Veni, vidi, Visa.” (We came, we saw, we went shopping.)

 

Our little farming community has a good crop of kids this year. I know this because in all of my questioning, “ Were you good or bad this year,” all confirmed their goodness. Well, there was a question about one child. He climbed onto my lap and immediately pulled my beard. He was shocked to find that it was real. No faux Santa here. As he left, I heard him say to his grandfather, “He’s the real Santa, PawPaw, he has white nose hair.”

 

How quickly did the day pass? In a heartbeat. A blink of an eye, a wrinkle of the nose, and it was done. Such beautiful children, loving parents, and a great tradition. Each child promised to provide chocolate chip cookies (Santa’s favorite) and to be really, really good to their mothers, and to be asleep, and not peek when I arrived on Christmas Eve. Several wanted me to know that I should not try the chimney, that maybe the door was better.

 

It was a good day, a day of great traditions, a cold day made warm by the love of family and friends. Why did the parents bundle up and bring their kids into the cold morning? It is because Santa and the Spirit of Christmas are built on the love of children and hope for the future. Like the season, the day the day was quickly gone. I think I’ll go and hang out at Susie’s, not that I want to be asked again for next year, but just in case. 




Much of the Flight of the Piasa deals with ancient China. I have been fortunate to have been able to visit the People’s Republic many times over the last two decades researching the history and culture of China in preparation for writing the book. The following blog was completed following a trip out to the Silk Road during the summer of 2007.

 

 

 

Beijing – Capital of the People’s Republic of China 2007

 

 

 


         This was to be an unusual adventure, twenty educators whose teaching area is Asia, off for a three week foundation funded tour of the Silk Road. We were headed to the Xingjian Autonomous Region, home to a minority people known as Uyghurs. These are Turkish people, predominately Muslim, who inhabit northwest China. In order to prepare for the experience we began our program with a week at Beijing University, known locally as “Bei Da.” This is one of the People’s Republic’s most prestigious universities and is often referred to as the “Harvard of China.” Like many great institutions of higher learning, there is a “spirit to the place. Our program was generally a cultural orientation, lectures on subjects such as calligraphy and the importance of minority people in the overall development of the People’s Republic. The minority cultures professor, an elderly gentleman, filled his lecture with rather quaint antidotal stories about a variety of minority peoples. While assuring us of how important the minority populations were to the People’s Republic, and how well thought of they (the minority people) were by the majority Han (Chinese) population, the professor wanted us to understand that he himself, of course, was Han nationality. As he spoke the phrase, “Methinks, he doth protest too much” came to mind and I was reminded of the many conversations I had in the United States circa 1960 in regard to African Americans. Of course none of us were prejudiced; we had friends who were blacks, perhaps even lived next to one.

 

 

 

The minority cultures professor also was attempting to carry some rather heavy political water for the State. While reviewing the minority Mongol people and their expansion into the West during the 12-1300s that gained the Mongols claim to Tibet, the Western Region, parts of Russia and Central Europe, he wanted us to understand that we needn't worry about modern Chinese expansion, as that early aggression was really Mongol minority people, not the Han. On the other hand, he used the same Mongol expansionism to assert a very strong current claim by the People’s Republic to the Uigur and Tibetan autonomous regions. Using this logic, there are large parts of Russia and Central Europe that could equally be claimed as part of the Chinese homeland.

 

 

 

Calligraphy was my favorite class in the program. This is a very ancient art form extending back 3,000 years to the Shang pictographs scratched onto oracle bones. For the Chinese, calligraphy serves both the function of practical communication and the individual expression of art. According to the professor, calligraphy is an art form appreciated on at least two levels. The first and most basic level deals with how the work appeals to the viewer, did you like it? The second and more subtle level was an appreciation of what the calligrapher was bringing to the characters. What was the calligrapher feeling?

 

 

 

      

            Professor Yang Xin demonstrated the various styles of the art form. Early clerical with its square thick lines gives an impression of strength and vigor. Cursive script from the Tang dynasty connects the characters making it somewhat difficult to read but gives an impression of freedom, vitality, and movement. It is believed that the most famous of the Tang calligraphers would do their best work after drinking to excess. When asked how they had managed such beauty, they often could not remember. One woke up in the morning with one of his hair braids soaked with ink, but sometime during the night he had completed a masterpiece. During the Song dynasty, a semi-cursive form was developed, which when viewed provides an almost immediate sense of relaxation. Finally professor Yang demonstrated the standard script form, which follows a set of very prescriptive rules, and gives an impression of calm and balance.

 

 

 

When done well the art of calligraphy brings the mentality of the calligrapher onto the page. What emotions were shaping the characters? Our professor was a very sprightly eighty-year-old, who looked to be about sixty-five. One of his demonstration characters was spring. The lines were light, the curves gentle, like a young woman at dance. The positive nature of the season, and perhaps more importantly the positive nature of the professor, appeared on the page. When asked if he could show the emotion anger in his calligraphy, he smiled and said that it would be difficult, as that was not an emotion he had felt for over a decade. Professor Yang attributes his longevity and ability to postpone aging to calligraphy, which he described as practicing tai chi on a piece of paper. It was a great lesson, not only a presentation on paper but a glimpse into the soul of the man.  

 

 

 

If I am giving the impression that our stay in Beijing was restricted to the classroom and was work, work, work, then I am not telling the whole story. Beyond the classroom we saw Peking Opera, ate Peking Duck, walked the Great Wall, visited the Summer Palace, Temple of Heaven, Forbidden City, Confucian Temples, Lama Temples, a local hutong, and were dazzled by the performers of the Peking Acrobatics Troupe, not to mention a host of shopping and eating opportunities. If you were limited to visiting only one city in China, you should make it Beijing. All of China is amazing, but you can probably squeeze in more must see sights in Beijing than any other single city.

 

 

 

One funny result of our program at Beijing University was the student identification card and certificate of completion we received, along with a gift tee shirt. Apparently, in China people do not generally wear clothing from universities they haven’t attended. Throughout our tour, people seeing our shirts approached us admiringly with statements as to how they had wanted to attend Bei Da, but did not have the scores needed to get in. We received a great deal of intellectual mileage from a very short program and if questioned too closely, we had the certificates to prove it. Somehow, I suspect that all of us will soon be receiving a fund raising solicitation letter from the university alumni development department. I grow nostalgic, even now, just thinking of my time at “Old Bei Da.”

 

 

 

Tomorrow we are off to Urumqi, and another adventure was about to begin.

 

 

 

Urumqi – Capital City of the Xingjian Autonomous Region P.R.C.

 

 

 

            Our first destination was the capital city of the Xingjian Autonomous Region. This is a dry land, about 60% mountainous, 30% desert, and 10% pasture and oasis. If you divided the land into the designation of livable and non-livable, you would quickly see how precious the small areas of pasture and oasis truly are, which partially explains why these have been fought over for thousands of years.

 

 

 

For the capital city Urumqi, the old saw about “what’s in a name” has real meaning, as you have several alternatives to select from as to its derivation. Depending upon what tribal group you borrow from, the name could mean “whip makers”, “battlefield”, or if you are Mongol, “beautiful pasture.” Given that Beautiful Pasture seems the most poetic of the lot, we opted for that. The economic base for Urumqi is petroleum, agriculture (it is famous for naturally colored cotton) and business. Recently there have been a large number of joint ventures with foreign firms. At first glimpse the city gives the impression of being dusty, gray and long used, with a good deal of Soviet style architecture. As with many cities in China, Urumqi has something in the air, in this case pollution from a large cement plant, and the nearby petroleum fields, all mixed with dust from the desert. We arrived early to our hotel which was listed as being a five star establishment. Even without the designation, I would have known this immediately upon finding the Kit Kat bar and small stuffed bear at the head of my turned down bed, along with rose petals floating in the toilet, and two rubber duckies in the bathtub. Class always shows through, but don’t brush you teeth or drink the tap water.

 

 

 

That evening we walked across the street from the hotel to a public square. The place was filled with throngs of people dancing, playing games, and doing crafts, while others sat watching a movie being projected on a large theater-sized video screen. A good time was being had by all, lots of people enjoying a warm night with friends and family. One glance around the square would tell you that you are no longer in Han (Chinese) country. The people look more like Turks or Afghans, prominent features, beautiful brown skin. One of the women of our group was asked to dance and found herself ballroom dancing with a very gifted partner. It was interesting to note, that as he asked her to dance, he made the point of telling her he was Han nationality. Anyway, it was lovely, the night was clear, the people friendly, and the children seemed free to run and play as they pleased. The tenseness that is often felt in American parks, where parents watch over their children for fear of strangers, was absent in the square. On this night, the children were free to run and play and to be innocent children. How lucky for them, how sad and crazy for us.

 

 

 



            The next morning I awoke and went for an early morning walk to watch Urumqi awaken. These early morning wanderings are a usual part of my travels and are rather serendipitous in nature in that they are without planned destination. On this morning I found myself in a housing area where I discovered two men concerned with pigeons. One was armed with a slingshot to discourage the flying, pooping, city rats from landing on his building, - the other I spotted a few minutes later standing alone in his back yard wistfully waving a red flag attached to a long bamboo pole, calling for his flock to return. My walk then took me into a street where the sidewalks were being used as a meat market with tanks of live fish and cages filled with chickens and ducks. The butchers stood slicing slabs of dog meat and mutton, awaiting the morning shoppers. We were scheduled to be off to the Xingjian Autonomous Region Museum at 9:00 so I began to make my way back to the hotel. Off in the distance I could hear the familiar “Happy Birthday” tune and wondered at the earliness of the party. As the music grew louder, I found that the music was coming from a large blue municipal water truck spraying the streets to keep the dust down. It wasn’t my birthday, but I felt refreshed as the truck sprayed me in passing, this is a dry land, where water is truly a gift.

 

 

 



            The museum is worth the visit and houses many artifacts from the Xingjian region but the recently discovered Caucasian mummies are the main attractions. In the slightly darkened room they were like sleepers waiting the morning light. The mummies had been buried lying on their backs, with legs slightly bent, and heads positioned on a pillow. The hot dry alkaline dessert soil had preserved them in this posture for thousands of years. The mummies come from a culture associated with the ancient city of Loulan which was located on the shores of Lop Nor, a lake that no longer exists and is now open desert. The city simply vanished in the middle of the sixth century AD and was accidentally rediscovered by the Swedish explorer Sven Hedin at the beginning of the last century. The most famous of the mummies is known as the Loulan Beauty, a woman who died at about 42 years of age, 3,800 years ago. The mummy is haunting in and of itself and made more so by the reconstructed manikin based on its features. The image is that of a red haired woman with strong facial features; she was obviously not Han nationality. As I looked at her she appeared very modern, someone who you might know. The Loulan Beauty’s face, like those of the other female mummies, bore tattoos of flowers and butterflies. The men were also tattooed but with animals. As part of the burial rituals the tattoos had been painted. The Loulan Beauty has in recent years gotten caught up in Han-Uyghur politics, as some locals have adopted her as their early mother, which they feel gives them an earlier claim to the territory than that of the Chinese. This has sparked some Uyghur separatist activities.

 

 

 



            In another section of the museum, one display showed artifacts which our guide described as coming from an area apparently dominated by females. Most of the artifacts were commonplace, bows, arrows, pottery pieces. One however, was unusual enough for mention, a wooden phallus, but I will allow someone else to explain its historical significance.

 

 

 

The mummies were literally astounding with their beautifully preserved angular faces and related artifacts. In that no pictures were allowed to be taken in the museum, I thought that I might buy some postcards or perhaps a book showing pictures of the mummies from the museum gift shop. However, I was surprised to find that no postcards were available, and the only book showing pictures of the mummies was being offered at over 700 Yuan, which is a bit over $80.00 USD. This would be a very high price for such a book, even if you were in New York, and the expense clearly puts the book out of the range of most within the local Uyghur population. Is it an accident that there is limited local access to something that the government considers sensitive? Who knows? If you are interested you can find pictures of the mummies on the internet and I have posted a picture of the Loulan Beauty in my photos.

 

 

 

Tomorrow we are off to the oasis city of Dun Huang, but tonight it is back to the square to watch the children play, perhaps take a turn at dancing, but mostly to sit, watch and enjoy.

 

 

 

Dun Huang, Xingjian Autonomous Region

 

 

 

Two thousand years ago Dun Huang was a strategically important city and a hub of international trade and cultural diffusion. Some scholars believe that there are four influential cultural systems in the world: Chinese, Indian, Greek, and Islam. All of these played their part in shaping the city of Dun Huang. Today the city is but a small oasis located on the outer fringe of China, but in its heyday it was a junction oasis for the northern and southern routes of the Silk Road that skirted the Taklamakan desert (so desolate that it is known as the land of ghosts). There is a standard joke about archetypal things, that if you looked up a particular word in the dictionary; you would find a picture of whatever you are talking about. I never really appreciated the term oasis until I saw this area. The separation between lush oasis and desert is startling. I am sure that should you ever look up the term oasis, you will probably find a picture of Dun Huang.

 

 

 

On our first morning, we visited a nearby ancient Buddhist center. According to tradition, work on the Mogao Grotto was begun by the monk Yuezun who in 366 BCE saw a halo of lights along a desert cliff face near Dun Huang. Feeling that these lights represented 1,000 Buddhist spirits, the monk began to dig a cave for meditation on the spot. This humble beginning was to become a grotto of literally hundreds of caves containing a vast collection of Buddhist art. Although earthquakes have closed many caves, five hundred are still open and contain thousands of Buddhist artifacts (statues, frescoes, stupas), treasures from a dozen dynasties. One of the caves (no. 17) contained a hidden library of documents (about 40,000), Jewish, Nestorian, Manichaean, Persian, Chinese, Roman, Arabic, and Tibetan - many of these were scooped up by turn of the last century archaeologists and found their way to the West. The word "theft" is used often in the guide’s presentation.

 

 

 

Museums in the U.S., France, Germany, and England all have artifacts taken from the grotto. One cave filled with brilliant frescoes had a large blank area where the American, Langdon Warner, used chemicals to remove the painting from the wall. As I stood there I was struck by the question: was I looking at science, or theft, preservation, or desecration? What was the appropriate response, anger, sorrow? A review of the history of western archeology reveals a picture of explorers from the West literally creating a Dun Huang traffic jam as archaeologists from Sweden, Russia, Britain, Germany and the United States swarmed into the area, yet Dr. Warner was singled out for the harshest criticism by the Chinese guides in the Grotto.

 

 

 

 

 

 



            I was somewhat disturbed by this as he was one of my boyhood heroes, and some believe that Warner is the inspiration for the character “Indiana Jones.” So is he villain or boy scout? As with many questions, the answer depends on the reference point. For the citizens of Japan he is a national hero whose efforts in large measure protected the two shrine capital cities of Nara and Kyoto from bombing during WWII. To honor his services, Japan has posthumously awarded him the Order of Sacred Treasures, and citizens of Kyoto built a memorial shrine in his honor and the people of Nara placed a table in the Buddhist Horyuji Temple. It is clear that if the people of Japan had a book of scientist saints, Langdon Warner would be among them. But what of Mogao Grotto in China, here he would be listed only if the Chinese had a book that dealt with demonology. Which is the true picture? A few of his journal entries speak to his 1923-24 expedition and his time at the Grotto.

 

 

 

 

 

 

In one citation he writes of White Russian deserters who had fled across the mountains only to be interned in the caves for six months. In their boredom and ignorance they had scratched their names on the walls and built fires in the caves. “It was with shock that I traced, on the oval faces and calm mouths, the foul scratches of Slavic obscenity and the regimental numbers which Ivan and his folk had left there.” Warner concluded that “Obviously some specimens of these paintings must be secured for study at home and more important still, for safe-keeping against further vandalism.

 

 

 

 

 

 

So at one level Warner is the protector of the artworks. Yet, before we give him full credit, we should note that he had brought the chemicals for removing the frescoes with him on the expedition, prior to any knowledge of the vandalism. But, the argument can still be made that at the turn of the last century China had neither the ability nor disposition to protect the ancient treasures stored in the Mogao Grotto and their loss would be a loss to all humanity. But, and maybe this is a whole new question, today the Chinese have both the ability and disposition to preserve and protect their ancient treasures, and they want them back. Now the question really does not involve Langdon Warner at all but rather institutions such as Harvard’s Fogg Museum and citizens like you and I.

 

 

 

 

 

 



            That afternoon we did a complete change of pace and toured a dune area known as Singing Sand Mountain. According to legend, when the wind blows, the mountain sends out the sound of thunder. That afternoon, the wind was not blowing (thank all that is holy) so we unfortunately missed the sound of thunder demonstration, but also (and this is the good part) we missed the accompanying sand storm. Our destination was an oasis area about half way up the dune mountain known as Crescent Lake. Our transport was either by foot or by camel. I must admit that given my sympathy for poor dumb animals, and my current bulk, I thought about climbing up the dune for several moments, before deciding to select my camel. Her name was Betty, and she is a beaut. Should you ever get to Dun Huang and need transportation up Singing Sand Mountain, ask for Betty and give her my name. I fear that she will remember me. Once we arrived at Crescent Lake there were shaded picnic tables and drink stands to relax. If you were hardy and wanted to see the sun set on the dunes, there were climbing latters up the side of the dunes so that one could reach the top. Once on top one could rent a sled or inflated tire and come tearing back down the dunes toward Crescent Lake. Gravity is a wonderful thing. Not to add any fire to the global warming argument, Crescent Lake will soon need to be renamed Crescent Pond, and if its recent shrinkage continues, it will not need a name at all.   

 

 

 

 

 

 

That evening we went to the night market in Dun Huang. We walked among tables of dried fruits, local crafts, and food stalls. The air was warm, the people friendly and the companionship convivial. Somewhere during the night sitting at a picnic table watching the crowds go by, each of us were able to put our Chinese language skills to use. "Pijou, xie, xie, bing da." If my memory serves that can be very loosely translated into “cold beer please.” In the desert, one must always avoid dehydration.

 

    

 


            The next morning we are off again, this time to the far western remains of the Great Wall of China. The wall at this section is from the Han dynasty which makes it about 2000 years old. Most often when you see pictures of the wall, the sections shown are from the Ming dynasty, which makes them only about 600 hundred years old. The wall was about two hours into the Gobi desert from Dun Huang. It was an amazing landscape, much like an uneven parking lot. In all of my life I have never seen such a desolate sun blasted place. There were no trees, bushes, shrubs, grasses, there was in fact, nothing. Staring out the window I could not see any observable life forms. The guide told us that the area was home to scorpions, beetles, and poisonous snakes, but I think he was being optimistic.

 

 

 

Once we arrived at that section of the Great Wall the trip across the desert was quickly forgotten, it was wonderful. The wall itself has shrunken down to ruins about five foot high and two to three foot across extending out into the desert. The outer facade of the wall had been worn off and you can see the mud wall still bound together by reeds taken from a nearby river. Off in the distance was a large structure known as the Jade Gate. Two thousand years ago this served as a customs entry point at the very edge of China. Prior to the Silk Road there was the

Jade Road
along which technology, goods and culture moved back and forth across the frontier. Looking at the remains of the Great Wall and the Jade Gate it occurred to me that in order to protect the frontier the early Chinese would have had to maintain a large garrison force in the area. Yet, today that appears to be impossible. Perhaps the climate has changed, for today the land is barren, the nearby river valley small, and looking out over the desert; you had to be impressed by the vast aloneness that is the Gobi desert. .

along which technology, goods and culture moved back and forth across the frontier. Looking at the remains of the Great Wall and the Jade Gate it occurred to me that in order to protect the frontier the early Chinese would have had to maintain a large garrison force in the area. Yet, today that appears to be impossible. Perhaps the climate has changed, for today the land is barren, the nearby river valley small, and looking out over the desert; you had to be impressed by the vast aloneness that is the Gobi desert. .

 

along which technology, goods and culture moved back and forth across the frontier. Looking at the remains of the Great Wall and the Jade Gate it occurred to me that in order to protect the frontier the early Chinese would have had to maintain a large garrison force in the area. Yet, today that appears to be impossible. Perhaps the climate has changed, for today the land is barren, the nearby river valley small, and looking out over the desert; you had to be impressed by the vast aloneness that is the Gobi desert. .

 

Dun Huang was perhaps my favorite stop in northwest China. A must see oasis on the edge of nothing. Our next stop is Turpan.

 

 

 

Turpan - Xingjian Autonomous Region – People’s Republic of China 2007

 

 

 

This morning we are off by bus to the small oasis town of Turpan. On our way we passed a truck filled with pigs, which surprised me. In fact, a new saying had began to form in my mind, “safe as a pig in Muslim country,” but while this is Muslim country, it is not totally so, and the porkers were probably destined for Han tables, so perhaps I shall forget my new saying. Anyway, Turpan is an ancient oasis city; on the edge of the vast deserts of the Xingjian Uighur Autonomous Region. It was once an important way-station on the northern Silk Road. Nineteen centuries ago it lay exposed to the attack of the Hsiun-nu people (known in the West as Huns). At the same time, given its vital position on the Silk Road, it absorbed cultural influences from India, Persia, and China. In this early period it was a center for Hinayana Buddhism and a haven for communities of Manicheans and Nestorian Christians. By the ninth century, the city came under Uighur domination and adopted Islam.

 

 

 

The current city of Turpan has a population of about 560,000, and is 156 meters below sea level. This puts it climate wise someplace between Death Valley California, and the Dead Sea. Precipitation at Turpan is minimal, about .63 inches per year. The city is about 90% Uyghur, 8% Han, and 2% other. This is a very multicultural society where the people use over 23 written languages. According to our guide, Turpan has the “sweetest grapes in the world.” Unfortunately, for anyone thinking of marketing the grapes, they are known locally as “horse nipple grapes.” In fact, again, according to our guide, Turpan is known for “four most things.”

  • Lowest place
  • Sweetest place – think of the horse nipple grapes
  • Hottest place – up to 50 degrees centigrade – ground temperature can cook eggs
  • Driest place

 

 

 

The harsh climate has created a culture where the people arise at about 4:00am, work until 10:00 go home for a midday break, and then return to work after 3:00pm and work into the night. It is common for the homes to contain underground rooms. The city itself is made possible by a wonderful but ancient underground water system known as the Karez. Locals tell me that China had three great ancient construction projects, The Great Wall, The Grand Canal, and the Karez of Turpan. These underground tunnels using gravity flow bring glacial and snow melt water from the nearby mountains into the city and allows for the cultivation of their main crop, grapes. At the mountain end the tunnels are very deep but as they approach the city they appear as lines of raised earth, something that a giant mole might make, Currently the Karez system is supplemented by wells and dams, however the population and amount of agriculture is limited by the scarcity of water and conservation is a necessary component of the system.

 

 

 



            The area is known for its raisins, which are picked and dried in beautiful brick buildings, where bricks are alternately left out of the walls to allow for airflow during drying. The raisins are sold as two grades, those dried for fifteen days in the buildings, and those soaked in chemicals to speed up the process. Given our recent adventures with the Chinese Food and Drug Administration, if given the choice go for the natural process.
  
   This is Uyghur country (Muslim) so you would not anticipate wine making, but it is also the People’s Republic. China is not known for its wine making, in fact some of its wines are truly terrible, but Turpan has a new and rather good small wine industry and the sweetness of the grapes make for an enjoyable wine tasting experience. Who knows, perhaps a bottle of Turpan wine will soon enhance your dining experience? Do you suppose the Smucker jam people will allow them to borrow their marketing line? “With a name like Horse Nipple, it has to be good.”

 

 

 

Our lunch made it very obvious that we were not in Han country. The sign above the restaurant gave its name in Uyghur, Chinese, and English. Some establishments actually had an additional line in Cyrillic. The dishes were mostly mutton, and very spicy, while the entertainment seemed almost Middle Eastern. It was at lunch that I had an interesting conversation about whether Muslims and non Muslims could marry. Our Uyghur guide assured me that of course they can. Well he did note that there were a few details that needed to be concluded before the marriage could be consummated, such as having the non Muslim partner go to the hospital to have his or her stomach pumped (cleansed) and then becoming a Muslim. Outside of that, the process is easy. OK, our Muslim guide tells me that these marriages really never work out, but it is allowable, just not recommended.

 

 

 

In the evening we went to a small local musical theater near the hotel. It was fun and colorful with traditional music and dancing. The troupe seemed almost like a family, perhaps something you might find at Branson, MO. Somewhere after the intermission it occurred to me (based on my Branson MO experience) that we were about to get to the part of the program where members of the audience are brought on stage to dance with the performers. Given that this is not a part of the program I enjoy, and being a man with white hair, and full white beard, who always seems to stick out in an audience, and is a natural for selection, I decided to leave early. So it was back to the hotel for a cool shower, and a long night sleep. I had barely gotten into bed when there was a knock on the door. Cracking the door, I found a beautiful young Chinese woman offering a massage. The phrase, “old enough to know better,” comes to mind, and in actual fact given my white hair and beard, my Father Christmas physique, and wedding ring which was at least twice as old as the young woman at the door, it was not a difficult decision. I thanked her for the offer, declined, and was off to bed.

 

 

 

The next morning breakfasting with the group, I found that after last night’s show they had gone together to a local massage parlor for a foot massage. Funny how the services offered to the men and women were so different. According to the breakfast buzz around the table, the women were taken to another room and received a foot massage, while the men were offered a service known as “f..kee” which if unfamiliar was repeated several times and accompanied by the explanatory sign language of the fingers of one hand forming a circle, while a finger of the other was pushed through the circle. Again, and all of this is hearsay only, the men refused the services explaining that they really did want a foot massage. One of the guys said that he explained his refusal with the phrase, “Big toe, not big Joe.” Now that is a neat phrase, in fact it sounds like one that I might have thought up, but generally long after the actual event had occurred, as something I said, I said, but really hadn’t. If he really did say that, I wonder how it was translated. Remember that the Kentucky Fried Chicken slogan of “Finger Licking Good,” somehow translates to “You’ll eat your fingers off,” in Chinese. Anyway, listening to the conversation that morning, I wondered if there was a group of young women gathered at another breakfast table in town, discussing what service the da bie zhi (big nose) had requested last night. I could only imagine their horror, and disgust, as they speculated about what he wanted, something with a guy named Joe, that involved using his toes. But, I am letting my imagination get away from me, the situation made for memorable breakfast conversation, and many colorful jokes during the day. Travel does broaden one.


 

 

 

 

We are now off to Kasgar and the Great Central Asia Market

     

Kasgar and the Great Central Asia Market

 

 

 

 

 

 

We arrived in the late afternoon, a bit grubby and tired. The hotel was modern and comfortable and offered that treasure of oriental courtesy, a hot, damp towel upon your arrival to clean your face and hands. For myself, I wanted nothing more exciting than a bath, fresh clothes, an early dinner and a long sleep. By five the next morning, I was out of the hotel refreshed and eager to walk streets that had once been traversed by Marco Polo. This was Kasgar, a crown jewel of the Silk Road. It sets at the western end of the old trade routes, where the southern and northern Silk Roads meet. The city is famous for being a crossroads for ideas and goods and an entry point into China. During the late eighteen hundreds it had served as the foremost oasis for the “Great Game” where British and Russian diplomats set up listening posts, and plotted control of Central Asia.

 

 

 

However, as I walked that morning it became clear that the glories of the past were in the past. The “Great Game” has been played, and now the city is but a backwater site on the outer fringes of China. In Kasgar, you are so far to the north and west in China that just across the mountains are the nations of Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Russia. The area is populated by ethic Moslem, Turkish people, whose vibrant culture is distinctive and separate from the rest of China. If someone were to drop you into Kasgar and ask you to guess where you were, looking at the faces of the people, you would never guess the P.R.C.

 

 

 




One thing became very clear as I walked in the Old Town section where the winding dirt streets and mud brick housing are almost biblical, Kasgar has not taken part in the wealth distribution that is reshaping Beijing and Shanghai. In the People’s Republic all areas are equal, but some areas are obviously more equal than others. Once again, under this new form of Chinese socialism, all will become wealthy, but some will arrive first. Beijing and Shanghai are arriving, Kasgar is yet to begin. As I walked that morning I saw many elderly men with the traditional Uyghur hats and long beards standing or sitting along the sidewalks. I think that perhaps my white hair and full beard threw them off and made them unsure of my status. They would regard me as I approached and when I placed my hands together and greeted them with “nomaste” they would rise and give a small bow. Who knows what they thought, perhaps a new Imam was in town. It somehow pleases me to think that that is what they were thinking, but more likely it was; who is that crazy bearded American? What is he saying? If he is crazy, is he as harmless as he looks? While not as romantic as being mistaken for a new Imam, these latter ideas are perhaps more likely.  

 

 

 

That morning we were off to visit several mosques and the family tomb of the Moslem saint Abakh Hoja. We visited several Moslem sites, some small and precious, some large and magnificent. The architecture of Islam ranks among the most beautiful in the world. One large mosque was empty and barren. During the Cultural Revolution the mosque had been visited by the Red Guard and trashed beyond use. It still stands and is part of the tour, I suppose it is providing a constant reminder to the Uyghurs that the government of the People’s Republic of China, is not at all interested in separatist ideas nor will it tolerate political Islam. The Abakh Hoja mausoleum with its dome, four minarets and beautiful bright tiled surfaces remind you of the Alhambra, or the best of the Mughal architecture of India. This spot has always held a rather romantic fascination for the Chinese through the story of a young woman so fragrant that she conquered the heart of the emperor Qianlong. She is said to have been the grand daughter of Abakh Hoja. Captured in 1758 the wonderfully smelling young woman was taken to Beijing where she became a favorite of the emperor. In order to appease the “Fragrant Concubine” the emperor built a tower from which she could gaze over the walls of the Winter Palace into the nearby Mohammedan quarter and provided her with a Turkish bath. However, nothing could satiate her homesickness and she pined to return to the desert. The concubine is said to have repudiated the advances of the emperor, and enforced her decision by carrying a knife to bed. Whatever the cause, either homesickness, sexually frustrated emperor, or an angry mother-in-law, the Fragrant Concubine died, perhaps suicide, perhaps murder. Kasgar legend maintains that the body was returned to Kasgar and now lies buried in the Abakh Hoja’s family tomb. Chinese legend tells the story somewhat differently with the woman dying of natural causes at the age of 52 and being interred in the Ming burial grounds near Beijing. As for me I like the Kaskarian story best and the tome site is beautiful. Almost as lovely as the building was the courtyard rose gardens. For Muslims their vision of paradise is similar to a beautiful garden. While wondering about smelling the roses and thinking of the “Fragrant Concubine” a child came up to me and attached a small metallic butterfly pin to my shirt. OK, so I’m a sucker for cute kids, and the metallic butterfly was purchasable at the incredibly reasonable price of only one Yuan.

 

 

 

The last building we visited that morning was beautiful but in dire need of upkeep. At the end of the visit the guide told us that the site was not really considered a holy Moslem site because the scholar for whom it had been built was from the Sufi sect. Given that the majority Muslim population in China, and Kasgar is Sunni Moslem, I asked if there were still Sufi in the area. He told me that he did not think so, “because if there were, they could not live.” I did not follow up on the conversation to clarify that idea, and perhaps the translation was poor, or perhaps, the Moslem population in Kasgar is really not as moderate as I had previously supposed.

 

 

 

 

 

 

We passed the afternoon visiting historical sites, and as the day ended we were allowed to join a family in their courtyard, which was very nice on their part and interesting to me. Although plain and somewhat humble by outside standards, the courtyard was comfortable, the kids bright, and the family friendly. These are a beautiful proud people, and our guide Iman was like a Uyghur prince among them.

 

 

 

 

 

 

The next morning we were scheduled to see the Great Central Asia Market. I awoke early and took a cab to the site as I wanted to see the place set up. As the sun came up herds of goats, sheep, cattle, people on donkey carts piled high with just about every imaginable goods you could think of began to arrive. You want a whip, second row, third vender. How about a side of sheep, the meat markets are on the first row, you can’t miss them. Stones used for healing, there is a guy carrying those about and is eager to sell you some. Tibetan Saffron, I do remember seeing that somewhere and very inexpensive. In the early morning light as the animals are being tied to lines, it periodically felt like I was about to participate in an Asian version of running with the bulls, but it finally settled down and there you were, The Great Central Asian Market. This is an absolute must see, almost beyond words. I am sure that Marco Polo himself would be dazzled by the assortment of goods and people who come to this place every Sunday morning. There are actually two parts to the market, the one I visited in the morning which as wildly wonderful, and the second later in the day with large areas of venders selling everything from Head and Shoulder Shampoo, to you name it. In the spaces between the regular stores are hundreds of hawkers who carry about all sorts of neat things. After haggling with one for a healing stone, he told me incredible news. “You are my brother.” As my good brother, he was going to give me a special price. If you can’t trust relatives, who can you trust?

 

 

 

 

 

 

This is to be our last day along the Silk Road. In the afternoon light as I look out at the vastness of this area, I know that I will return, it is magnificent. Tomorrow I will wake up in Nanking, the ancient capital of China far to the southeast. The weather will be hot, the air humid, and in the morning, a vast fog will cover and dampen everything.
 

 

 

 

 

 

New Work Draft - Sample Chapters

Working Title - Queens of Cahokia

Chapter 1 – She Who Remembers

 

 

 

 

 

The strain of placing the limestone slabs into the wall pulled at her muscles. Snow Pine rubbed her back, relaxed in the half darkness, and surveyed her work with satisfaction. Cooled by the perspiration of her efforts, she watched as the boy played, moving back and forth between the light and darkness marking the cave entrance. She picked up another broken slab of limestone, heavy and cold to the touch. With each placement the opening into the shallow alcove became smaller. Soon my love, you will be safe she thought, and placed the next stone in the wall erected to protect the body of Sun Kai from discovery by anyone or anything that might seek shelter in the cave. “My love, what shall I do without you?” she asked aloud, knowing that only stillness would answer. At first she had planned to block the outer entrance to the cave as a way of protecting the body, but the idea that this would mean that she herself could never again visit this place pushed that from her mind.

 

 

 

The opening had shrunken to the size of a single stone, which she picked from the pile, then hesitated in the placement. Two worlds, two lives, she thought, one which began long ago in an ancient land and belonged to the man who now lay hidden behind the stone barrier. How far they had come, how many leagues from home, and now his body lay in this cave beyond any map. She smiled as bittersweet thoughts of him filled her mind: his smell, the sound of his voice, his dreams, the way his body felt. Even as she entered this second life beyond the cave entrance, she knew that her love for Sun Kai would never change. Not while I breathe, she thought. His last words again came to mind, a final request that she “watch, wait, and remember.” He was right. One day his people would come, and she must be ready so that his body could be taken and buried in his homeland. He deserves that, she thought, to be buried with his ancestors, not here, not lost and alone.  Steeling her resolve for the task she placed the last stone.

 

 

 

The alcove sealed, she stretched and pushed her fingers into the muscles of her back, massaging away the strain. Her attention was brought to the cave entrance as the playing boy bounced a rock off the wall and yelled in pleasure. She called to him, “Be careful out there, Little Sun.” The boy was a miniature copy of his father, tall and thin, dark of eye and hair. Feeling the knots in her back release, she moved toward the light, scooped up the child, and stepped into the day. The boy wriggled in her arms, and she tossed him into the air. The next life had begun, “I will watch, wait and remember” she sang to the boy, “I am she who remembers.”

 

 

 

 

The light of the day lit her hair and warmed her body as she moved down the trail. The path was little more than an animal trail and she noted with approval the trees, bushes, vines, flowers, and grasses that filled this wild and verdant place. Looking back to the cave’s entrance located high on the hillside overlooking the trail, she was satisfied that the opening was hidden among the bushes and vines. It will do, she thought, it will do.

Her stride was strong and sure, and her eyes warmed in delight at the gurgling of the little boy balanced on her shoulders. Although she had been the wife of Sun Kai and had made the trip with him from Chin’in, Snow Pine’s full body, face with strong nose and chin, spoke more of Mediterranean Europe than Asia, a gift from her nomadic ancestry that had moved into northern Chin’in a thousand years before. On this day however, as she moved out of the valley and away from the hidden grave, her mind was focused not on the past, but rather the future, and how she was to make a place for herself and Little Sun among her adopted people in this new land. Moving along the path Snow Pine scanned the flora and began to select those with medicinal value. Spotting a green plant, she moved from the trail to dig several ginseng roots. The plant was very similar to those used in Chin’in, except perhaps a bit hotter, which when overused, caused nosebleeds. Such a strange land, she thought, even those things that are familiar are different.

 

 

 

 

Returning to the trail, Snow Pine turned her attention to the horizon and the small notch that indicated the pass that led to the village of the Trading People, and moved toward it. Moving toward the pass her mind went back to the morning she and Sun Kai had arrived in this new land. The day had been warm, the beach white, and as they came ashore it had seemed as if the gods and all the ancestors were smiling. Snow Pine shook her head in remembrance and disbelief. Three years ago, she thought, so long ago. It had all seemed so good, she; Sun Kai, and the others, a new life, in a new land.

 

 

 

She reached up and touched the scar that ran from her hairline down to her left eye. Our first months here were sweet, she thought, but it did not last. Her mind recalled the night when the barbarians had overwhelmed the group and tears glistened at the edge of her eyes. Snow Pine shook her head ruefully, how quickly happiness fades. Her last memory of that terrible night was the Shaman’s evil face laughing as he swung the bludgeon.

 

 

For a period following the attack, she lived in a shadow-land of senses but no clarity of time and place. She remembered voices, beatings, being shoved along, stumbling until her legs folded beneath her and then being pulled along the ground, but none of this reached her as her mind refused reality. Her first real memory was awakening in the bottom of a canoe. Her head ached with each paddle thrust that propelled the vessel forward. She lay there, arms and legs bound, at the bottom of the canoe. Stacked around her were blankets, shells, furs, and the moss that hung from the trees along the coast which inland tribes used for bedding. Snow Pine remembered her arrival up-river, as she was dumped onto the sandbar, pulled to her feet, and paraded back and forth, a captured slave, a thing for sale.

 

 

 

How terrible a time that had been, and her heart ached at her feelings of overwhelming loss. If it had not been for the boy growing in her body, she knew she would not have had the will to live. The overwhelming loss was like a dark blanket shutting out all feelings and desire for the future. Yet the one thing that kept her moving forward was the child swelling inside her belly, Sun Kai’s child. He might be dead, but his child would live. Turning her head she kissed his leg. “You saved my life, little man” she yelled, bouncing him until he laughed and grabbed her hair.

 

 

 

Chapter 2 - A New Home

 

 

It was not long after her arrival to the village of the Trading People that the sickness came. The disease had been especially hard on the children and nothing the Council of Elders or village Shaman recommended lowered the temperature or eased the pain. Her first thoughts were to gather herbs to protect herself and the baby within, but after seeing the suffering of the families, she dug extra roots and began offering them to the afflicted. The villagers had at first been reluctant to place their sick ones in the care of the foreign woman, but, one by one, the desperate families took her offerings. Snow Pine remembered how being needed had slowly built a bond between them. How often it is the crisis of others that bring us to life and provides the way forward, she thought.

 

 

 

Beaver Lodge, the village chief for harvest and trade, had been quick to see the advantage of having a healing woman in his lodge and sought to purchase her. His request to the Council of Elders had been approved, as a woman alone with a child needed the support of a man, and her reputation as a healer gave her value. After several months, following the birth of the boy, he had called upon her to become a sister wife. Snow Pine closed her eyes in remembrance, with Sun Kai dead; anyplace was as good as another. The needs of the boy sealed the decision and she had agreed.  

 

 

 

Beaver Lodge was darker and taller than Sun Kai. His color was more like the soil of this new land, less yellow, and his eyes were not almond shaped in the manner of the people of Chin’in. When they had lain together his body weight, hair texture, and smell had at first been startling, not unpleasant, just terribly different. She remembered the nights following their coming together when he had turned his back to her and gone to sleep. It was at these times, lying awake in the darkness that she became overwhelmed by loss and cried for Sun Kai. Yet, for all the differences between the two men, there were similarities. Both were loyal to friends and family, both sought to live in harmony with the land, and both had an insatiable curiosity in regard to understanding the patterns of life that surrounded them. She remembered how excited Sun Kai had been with his plans for bringing water to their regional capital in Chin’in. No, she thought to herself; Do not spend your time remembering the past. Remember the now. Her thoughts refocused on Beaver Lodge and his appreciation and interest in the healing practices of her people and the many nights they had been spent around the fire discussing herbs she used for medicine. He had even allowed her to go on several trading trips with him to broaden her access to the flora of this new place.

 

 

 

What she felt for him was not the same as what she had with Sun Kai; he would never be the man of her heart, but Sun Kai was dead and Beaver Lodge was her future. He was a good man, and if she did not exactly love him, she at least respected him and perhaps that would be enough for this new life. Beaver Lodge was the civil chief among the trading people who plied the great river. Beaver Lodge is a good man, she thought. Her mind drifted back to her homeland, the Chin’in were a cultured people with many skills and technologies unknown to these people. Perhaps she could help, Beaver Lodge was a good man, and with her knowledge, perhaps she could assist him in becoming a great one.

 

 

 

Beaver Lodge and his family had been kind, and she quickly resigned herself to live among them alongside the great river. She had even set up a small booth to trade herbs with travelers along the river and was able to add to the family’s wealth. It was then that her life changed forever as suddenly in the night a great bird had been painted on the cliff above the village. At first it had only seemed interesting, but as the tales grew about the creature and how it ate children and threatened the village, she decided to view the thing for herself. Arriving at the foot of the cliff, she saw the painting and was overwhelmed with emotion. Someone has survived, she thought. One of her party had survived. It was too much to hope that it was Sun Kai, but someone had survived. She looked at the small hole high on the cliff wall from which the warriors said the thing came and went during the night, and she knew that there must be a second entrance. My people are advanced, she thought, but we do not fly.

 

 

 

 

 

That night Snow Pine made her way back to the village and a thousand questions filled her mind, but only one mattered: “Who?” That night she barely closed her eyes and in the early morning she gathered the boy, found the pouch for collecting herbs, and went to the cliff painting overlooking the village. The cliff wall was too steep and the painting too high to be reached from where she stood. There must be a second entrance, she thought, perhaps in the valley on the other side of the cliff. She placed the boy on her shoulders and moved toward the trail leading to the valley, she would go there in search of the second entrance. By the end of the first day of searching, Snow Pine again sunk into despair. Perhaps, it is not them, she thought. No, I cannot loose them again. Besides, who else would paint a Chin’in dragon.

 

 

 

The next morning at daylight she was up and feeding the child. “Today is the day, Little One. Today is the day!” Gathering the child, she again made her way back to the valley beyond the cliff-side painting. The second opening must be here, she thought. It must be.

 

 

 

And then he was there, standing in the trail before them. Snow Pines heart cried out as she looked at him. It was not the Sun Kai of her past, the man who stood tall and strong, whose very presence provided security, but rather a hurt thing, bent and dirty, who shuffled as he walked. Snow Pine’s mind raced as she ran forward; bent, dirty, or hurt, nothing could hide her recognition, it was Sun Kai. “Ancestors be blessed. It is you.” Sun Kai practically collapsed as her strong embrace pushed against his injuries. He fell back and then struggled to stand. She could see fresh blood staining his side. “Where is the cave?” she cried,” You must lay down.” He pointed upward toward a clump of bushes. Putting her arms under his and trying to avoid the injured area, Snow Pine provided support and partially carried him back to the cave. How light he now seemed almost like a child.

 

 

 

 

Sun Kai had slipped into unconsciousness, and she laid him down on her cape. Her senses rebelled at the smell of contagion that filled the space, and bile filled her mouth. This will not do, she thought as she undressed him and threw his belongings beyond the cave entrance. “Little Sun, Momma needs you to wait at the cave entrance; I will be with you soon.” The boy moved away, but she could feel that he was afraid of this place with the evil smells, and the hairy, dirty man. She looked down on the man who lay unconscious. Tears filled her eyes, and pain took her breath. I cannot lose you again, she thought, and began to take ointments and herbs from her bag.

 

 

 

It was the next day before Sun Kai again opened his eyes. During that time, she brought cedar boughs and sage to burn, which refreshed the cave air. Tears wet her chin and chest as she rubbed healing ointments into his wounds. She surveyed his body, there were many cuts, bruises, and breaks that had not healed properly. Yet these were things she could in time heal, what caused her most concern was a dark swelling, hot to the touch on his left abdomen. When she pushed on the place, he grunted in pain. “Ancestors, please, help,” she said, knowing that not even they could reach such a deep internal wound. She placed the boy next to his father so that the first thing he would see upon awakening was Little Sun. “Your father is a great man,” she said, “a mighty warrior”. When his eyes opened and came into focus, she smiled, and held out the boy. “Welcome back, my love, our paths have ever been one. I shall never doubt.” She then placed the boys in his arms and lay beside him careful not to push against his injuries.

 

 

 

Snow Pine moved along the path reliving the weeks she had spent tending Sun Kai in the cave. There had been joy in being together, but each day he had grown weaker. It was as she feared, while she could heal the cuts and bruises, her medicines could not reach his internal injuries. On the last morning, she had placed the boy in Sun Kai’s arms and lain down beside him. “Wait, watch, remember,” he said. “They will come.” His eyes then closed as if asleep, and he was gone. As she walked along, his words echoed in her mind, “They will come.. They will come,”

 

 

 

“But when?” she cried aloud, surprising the child who almost fell from her shoulder. Catching him, she held him close. “Look Little Sun.” She pointed to a small meadow filled with garlic and alfalfa. She gathered the roots of the garlic and alfalfa for her medicine bag, split a clove to chew, and offered the remainder to the boy. The strong fresh taste of garlic filled her mouth and nose. I will need to collect a supply of fresh mint, she thought.

 

 

 

“Momma, we home.” Little Sun yelled, wiggling and pointing at the village below. Looking up, Snow Pine found that her feet had carried her to the heights above the village of the Trading People and she paused. The village lay above the waterline along the banks of a lazy turn in the great river. At the waters edge canoes in great number were pulled up on the beach, indicating that traders were gathered for market. She could see clusters of people moving among the trading stalls, which formed the village market. Each merchant had built a shelter to keep out the sun and afternoon rains and displayed their goods on blankets. Noting the stacks of smoked fish, corn, cloth, obsidian and shells for knives, along with furs for the winter all piled and awaiting the trade, Snow Pine smiled. It will be a good year, she thought.

 

 

 

Chapter 3 - The Find

 

 

Daniel French stood looking up at the painting of the Piasa Bird. Across the parking lot he could see his wife Lauren, and the two kids, Cassie and Frederick, making their way toward the picnic area. It was going to be a great morning he thought, a bit of breakfast here, and then off to check out some artifacts that had been found by a state road crew widening the highway just a few miles outside of town. It would be good to spend the day in the field rather than the office. The university archeology department was often called upon to investigate unusual artifacts found during construction. Given that Alton was his hometown, Fred Eldredge, his department head, and man for whom his son was named, asked him to check it out. Unusual artifacts, he thought. More likely a forgotten garbage dump left over from some homesteader at the turn of the century. Not particularly unusual but fun to poke around in and a good excuse for a day outing with the family. As an associate professor at the university, Autumn was a busy time for teaching and research, and doing the write ups on the work the team was doing at Cahokia Mounds. It would be nice to get the summer’s findings organized into several abstracts and perhaps even into a major article for presentation at the spring Chicago meeting. But this morning, the teaching, research, and writing could wait, and he stretched, enjoying the crisp Autumn air. He remembered the many mornings he had come here as a child, climbed the bluff face, and stared up at the creature painted above him.

 

 

 

Although wild and garish looking with its long teeth, demonic face, wings and antlers, the Piasa painting stirred no unease in Daniel. In fact, it seemed to him that he had spent some of his best moments of his childhood standing in this place. He could almost smell the aromatic pipe tobacco his grandfather used and hear his stories of the ancient petroglyph, the Piasa, bird that devours men. Whatever the thing was, creature or creation, it had been there a long time. The old man had told him that the original painting had once been located further upriver and that the first white explorers to the region had mentioned it in their diaries. People said that the one currently on the cliff face was much like the original, but who knew; it also looked like the label used on a turn of the century local beer that had been a popular brew before prohibition. Perhaps his favorite memories were those with his wife, Lauren. As graduate students they had explored the caves along the bluff. This was the time when they had found the skeleton and artifacts, a mystery so astounding, so unbelievable, and so crazy, that it cemented their desire to study archeology, and bonded them together in the personal and professional partnership that they shared today. How time has flown, he thought. Seems like yesterday. He was roused by Lauren’s call from below. He turned and saw her waving to him from the picnic table, it was time. He walked back toward the parking lot, looking into the caves that had been cut into the cliff face below the painting for storage and cooling of the local beer, and saw all the old signatures scrawled on the walls. Several generations of Alton teenagers had hung out here and left their messages of love, lust, and life. Finally the City Council fenced off the openings for safety concerns, but the old messages were still there. I wonder, if my “Daniel loves Polly is still there?

 

 

 

As he walked across the parking lot, he watched Lauren spread out breakfast. How right she looked, almost classically Turkish, strong nosed, olive complexioned, tall, strong, broad shouldered, wide hipped, and surrounded by two kids, Cassie, a miniature of her mother, and Frederick, more like Daniel, thin, freckled, scruffy haired and blue eyed. “Mmm, smells good!” he said catching the aroma of coffee.

 

 

 

“Daddy, can we go climbing”, Frederick asked pointing to the far wall of the bluff, still covered with scrub trees and bushes. “The caves are not fenced off there.”

 

 

 

 

 

Daniel looked at Lauren, remembering when they had done the same thing and climbed above the large cave openings and along the bluff overlooking the river. It was during that trip he had shown her the shallow cave with the skeleton and small strange coin that she still wore around her neck as a lucky piece. “Nope, too dangerous, kiddo. Stay in the parking lot. We’ll be going as soon as we finish eating.”

 

 

 

 

 

Lauren smiled her ‘do as I say, not as I do’ look. “What did they find at the highway site? Anything fun?”

 

 

 

 

 

“Dunno really, Fred only said that they called saying they had found some unusual Indian artifacts and could we send a team over. I’m sure they want a quick ‘all clear’ so they can get on with their road widening business without being accused of asphalting over cultural history.” Daniel knew that tribes had lived in the area for thousands of years, but there were few significant local sites, outside of the mound builders, and they were several miles away. Weighing the possibilities, he said, “Probably, just some isolated relics, nothing big enough to stop ‘progress.” We should be able to finish the investigation, sign off on their paperwork, and give them the ‘go ahead’ by this afternoon.”

 

 

 

 

 

They finished breakfast as the kids played. Lauren reached over and placed her hand over his. “Do you suppose we will ever go back to the cave?” Daniel did not need a clarification as to the identity of ‘the cave.’ “It’s been such a long time,” he said. When he had first discovered the skeleton, it had seemed to be all they could think about. The find was fantastic, a great mystery: a skeleton, and coin. The stuff of mythology. He thought again of the strange set of coincidences that had brought an ancient manuscript to him that tied the skeleton to ancient travelers, 2,200 years before, who had made their way to the new world. When they had taken the story to their professor and now colleague, Dr. Fred Eldredge, had warned them against wasting time on a career killing fantasy. He argued that the whole thing was too fantastic to be anything but a hoax and that graduation was their time to put away the things of childhood and get on with the business of adult life. It had been a good career choice, both he and Lauren had graduated and Eldredge as promised had taken them under his wing and brought them into the department, nurturing and mentoring their advancement. He smiled remembering Eldredge warned him to never attach the department or his name to such a fantastic story, which led to him anonymously publishing the find as fiction. He smiled, How strange if it had been published as an academic article, from a grad student, it would have been forgotten years ago, but as the novel Flight of the Piasa it was still selling in the local bookstores, and was required reading at the high school. When Eldredge had found out what he had done, it was touch and go for awhile, but finally the older scholar had seen the humor in it, and given he had used a nom de plume, in some sense he had not attached his name or department to the work, they had become friends. Now ten years later, he and Lauren had two children, and successful academic careers. Daniel was second only to Eldrege in the department. He squeezed Lauren’s hand, remembering their time in the cave. “One of these days we should visit the skeleton. One of these days, but not today.” 

 

 

 

 

 

They cleaned up the trash, gathered the kids, and drove toward the construction site, which was located in a small valley inland from the floodplain of the river. When they arrived they found all work had been suspended and the crew stood waiting for the go ahead to continue. Getting out of the car, Lauren touched his arm. “Daniel, do you know what’s over that ridge, pointing toward the river?”

 

 

 

“Yep, skeleton man. I was just thinking about him. But he is not today’s problem, our contact here is a man named John Cavanaugh.” Daniel walked toward a man in a Carhart coat who appeared to be in charge. “Mr. Cavanaugh, John Cavanaugh? My name is Daniel French, from SIU. Dr. Eldrege said you called.”

 

 

 

 

 

Cavanaugh smiled and reached out his hand. He was a middle sized man, with sandy brown hair, gray-blue eyes, and an open Irish face, lined from years in the sun. “Thanks for coming. Not wanting to hurry things along, but …” His smile faded, turning into a grimace. Leaving his statement incomplete he waved at the number of men standing idle at the work site. He looked at Lauren and the children standing by the car. “Your missus?” he asked.

 

 

 

“Well, yes, actually we live nearby, but she is also a member of the SIU Archeology department, and will assist with the inspection. Honey, come meet Mr. Cavanaugh.”

 

 

 

 

 

Introductions complete, Lauren asked about the artifacts. Cavanaugh pointed to a small trailer, set off to the side of the construction zone. “Gathered them up and placed them in there. It’s just a few Indian arrow heads, small decorative pieces, and bowl shards,” he offered hopefully. “Probably not enough to make this a protected site,”

 

 

 

“Lauren, why don’t you take the first look. Your eye is better than mine in categorizing isolated artifacts. I’ll watch after the kids.” Daniel then turned, “John is it alright for the kids and me to walk around the site and look at the heavy equipment.”Promise, we won’t touch.”

 

 

 

 

 

Cavanaugh nodded his assent, pointing to a stack of yellow helmets on a side table “Be sure to use those. I think we have a couple of smalls.” Stepping to the trailer, he opened the door. Lauren preceded him up the metal steps and entered the small room. In the center of the area was a round table a crooked neck lamp, and papers and drawings strewn across the top. A small section on one end had been cleared for about twenty artifacts. Lauren pulled up a chair, adjusted the light, and began to examine each piece.

 

 

 

Even with a cursory examination, Lauren could tell that the objects were common pieces, much like artifacts that any farmer in the area might find after spring plowing. The bowl shards had the distinctive incising, and stamping marks commonly used for decoration during the Middle Woodland Period (500 BCE – A.D. 400) when trading villages were spread over much of the Midwest. She fingered a small mica object, it was hard to tell exactly what it had been, but the mineral itself added to the probability that this was from an early trading group as mica was not found in this area of the Midwest, probably coming from the Appalachian Mountains. She turned to Cavanaugh, “I wouldn’t bet my degree on it, but this seems pretty common. I wouldn’t expect  this to delay your construction. I would like to have Daniel look at it though; the forms take two signatures.”

 

 

 

 

 

Cavanaugh smiled and blew air from between his lips in relief; he hadn’t relished the idea of delaying construction for an extended archeology dig. Had it been his decision he would have just looked the other way as his men reburied the stuff. However, he had been in the business too long to believe in secrets, once you found artifacts, it was best to report them and get the official clearance. “Well, I appreciate this,” he said.

 

 

 

The door banged open, and Daniel with kids in tow came into the trailer. “You will not believe this,” he said, “we found a skeleton, or at least Cassie did.”  

 

 

 

Cavanaugh’s face lost its smile, and became grim.